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In this paper, we show that gender gaps in performance observed in high-stakes exams, relative to low-stakes exams, are partially shaped by the context of exam preparation. We examine the role of …
This study explores the effects of ECB’s monetary policy surprise spillovers on the financial markets of Sweden and Denmark, two small open economies (SOEs) with close ties to the euro area. …
Philippe Aghion, Ufuk Akcigit, Ari Hyytinen, and Otto Toivanen
Why is invention strongly positively correlated with parental income not only in the US but also in Finland which displays low income inequality and high social mobility? Using data on 1.45M Finnish …