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Mika Kortelainen, Jaakko Markkanen, Markku Siikanen, and Otto Toivanen
Quasi-experimental evidence on the effectiveness of price regulation policies in curbing pharmaceutical expenditure is scarce. We analyze widely utilized generic substitution and reference price …
We study the effect of school closures and the transition from on-site to on-line teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Finnish upper secondary schools. To identify the effects we exploit …
Lobbyists are nowadays increasingly involved in promoting businesses through societal investment, producing what has been paraphrased as “corporate beauty contests” due to the uncertain winning …