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In this paper, we show that gender gaps in performance observed in high-stakes exams, relative to low-stakes exams, are partially shaped by the context of exam preparation. We examine the role of …
Heterogeneous monopolists produce goods using either brown technology, which relies on labor and carbon energy, or green technology, which relies solely on labor. R&D rms enhance productivity …
Lower income commuters are more likely to ride and reside near public transit within cities, but do they also benefit more from faster transit travel? Combining survey data on travel behavior with …
The extraction of carbon energy contributes to the global stock of pollution, increasing the risk of welfare-damaging environmental dis- aster. The governments of the countries educate workers as …