The Helsinki GSE Discussion Paper series is available on EconStor. EconStor is an open access server that provides a platform for the free distribution of academic literature in economics.
This paper explores the connection between jurisdictional fragmentation and sprawl. We utilize Finnish municipal mergers as a quasi-experiment which induces exogenous variation in the number of local …
Discussion paper
After 2008, the Southern European economies suffered a strong and persistent increase in unemployment. Rising government bond spreads necessitated the implementation of austerity policies. Austerity, …
Discussion paper
We study the effect of school closures and the transition from on-site to on-line teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Finnish upper secondary schools. To identify the effects we exploit …
Discussion paper