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I study a tax policy in Finland in 1976 that changed the basis for income taxation from couple’s joint income to individual income. Following the shift from family taxation to individual taxation, …
Are furlough schemes useful under normal business cycle conditions? We address this question using administrative data from Finland, where such a scheme has long existed, and a model of firm dynamics …
We study the effect of school closures and the transition from on-site to on-line teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Finnish upper secondary schools. To identify the effects we exploit …