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This study explores the effects of ECB’s monetary policy surprise spillovers on the financial markets of Sweden and Denmark, two small open economies (SOEs) with close ties to the euro area. …
I examine the long-established scheme of furloughs in Finland, using detailed data on unemployment spells from 1999 to 2021. Furloughs allow employers in financial difficulty to suspend wages and …
Mika Kortelainen, Jaakko Markkanen, Markku Siikanen, and Otto Toivanen
Quasi-experimental evidence on the effectiveness of price regulation policies in curbing pharmaceutical expenditure is scarce. We analyze widely utilized generic substitution and reference price …